Style Layers

MGLStyleLayer is an abstract base class for style layers. A style layer manages the layout and appearance of content at a specific z-index in a style. An MGLStyle object consists of one or more MGLStyleLayer objects.

Each style layer defined by the style JSON file is represented at runtime by an MGLStyleLayer object, which you can use to refine the map’s appearance. You can also add and remove style layers dynamically.

Create instances of MGLBackgroundStyleLayer and the concrete subclasses of MGLForegroundStyleLayer in order to use MGLStyleLayer‘s properties and methods. You do not create instances of MGLStyleLayer directly, and do not create your own subclasses of this class.

Do not add MGLStyleLayer objects to the style property of a MGLMapView before -mapView:didFinishLoadingStyle: is called.

MGLForegroundStyleLayer is an abstract superclass for style layers whose content is defined by an MGLSource object.

Create instances of MGLRasterStyleLayer, MGLHillshadeStyleLayer, and the concrete subclasses of MGLVectorStyleLayer in order to use MGLForegroundStyleLayer‘s methods. Do not create instances of MGLForegroundStyleLayer directly, and do not create your own subclasses of this class.

An MGLBackgroundStyleLayer is a style layer that covers the entire map. Use a background style layer to configure a color or pattern to show below all other map content. If the style’s other layers use the Mapbox Streets source, the background style layer is responsible for drawing land, whereas the oceans and other bodies of water are drawn by MGLFillStyleLayer objects.

A background style layer is typically the bottommost layer in a style, because it covers the entire map and can occlude any layers below it. You can therefore access it by getting the last item in the MGLStyle.layers array.

If the background style layer is transparent or omitted from the style, any portion of the map view that does not show another style layer is transparent.

An MGLRasterStyleLayer is a style layer that renders georeferenced raster imagery on the map, especially raster tiles.

Use a raster style layer to configure the color parameters of raster tiles loaded by an MGLRasterTileSource object or raster images loaded by an MGLImageSource object. For example, you could use a raster style layer to render Mapbox Satellite imagery, a raster tile set uploaded to Mapbox Studio, or a raster map authored in TileMill, the classic Mapbox Editor, or Mapbox Studio Classic.

Raster images may also be used as icons or patterns in a style layer. To register an image for use as an icon or pattern, use the -[MGLStyle setImage:forName:] method. To configure a point annotation’s image, use the MGLAnnotationImage class.

You can access an existing raster style layer using the -[MGLStyle layerWithIdentifier:] method if you know its identifier; otherwise, find it using the MGLStyle.layers property. You can also create a new raster style layer and add it to the style using a method such as -[MGLStyle addLayer:].

Related examples

See the Add an image and Add raster imagery examples to learn how to add imagery with this style layer.

Example

let layer = MGLRasterStyleLayer(identifier: "clouds", source: source)
layer.rasterOpacity = NSExpression(forConstantValue: 0.5)
mapView.style?.addLayer(layer)

MGLVectorStyleLayer is an abstract superclass for style layers whose content is defined by an MGLShapeSource or MGLVectorTileSource object.

Create instances of MGLCircleStyleLayer, MGLFillStyleLayer, MGLFillExtrusionStyleLayer, MGLHeatmapStyleLayer, MGLLineStyleLayer, and MGLSymbolStyleLayer in order to use MGLVectorStyleLayer‘s properties and methods. Do not create instances of MGLVectorStyleLayer directly, and do not create your own subclasses of this class.

An MGLCircleStyleLayer is a style layer that renders one or more filled circles on the map.

Use a circle style layer to configure the visual appearance of point or point collection features. These features can come from vector tiles loaded by an MGLVectorTileSource object, or they can be MGLPointAnnotation, MGLPointFeature, MGLPointCollection, or MGLPointCollectionFeature instances in an MGLShapeSource or MGLComputedShapeSource object.

A circle style layer renders circles whose radii are measured in screen units. To display circles on the map whose radii correspond to real-world distances, use many-sided regular polygons and configure their appearance using an MGLFillStyleLayer object.

You can access an existing circle style layer using the -[MGLStyle layerWithIdentifier:] method if you know its identifier; otherwise, find it using the MGLStyle.layers property. You can also create a new circle style layer and add it to the style using a method such as -[MGLStyle addLayer:].

Related examples

See the Data-driven circles, Add multiple shapes from a single shape source, and Cluster point data examples to learn how to add circles to your map using this style layer.

Example

let layer = MGLCircleStyleLayer(identifier: "circles", source: population)
layer.sourceLayerIdentifier = "population"
layer.circleColor = NSExpression(forConstantValue: UIColor.green)
layer.circleRadius = NSExpression(format: "mgl_interpolate:withCurveType:parameters:stops:($zoomLevel, 'exponential', 1.75, %@)",
                                  [12: 2,
                                   22: 180])
layer.circleOpacity = NSExpression(forConstantValue: 0.7)
layer.predicate = NSPredicate(format: "%K == %@", "marital-status", "married")
mapView.style?.addLayer(layer)

An MGLFillStyleLayer is a style layer that renders one or more filled (and optionally stroked) polygons on the map.

Use a fill style layer to configure the visual appearance of polygon or multipolygon features. These features can come from vector tiles loaded by an MGLVectorTileSource object, or they can be MGLPolygon, MGLPolygonFeature, MGLMultiPolygon, or MGLMultiPolygonFeature instances in an MGLShapeSource or MGLComputedShapeSource object.

You can access an existing fill style layer using the -[MGLStyle layerWithIdentifier:] method if you know its identifier; otherwise, find it using the MGLStyle.layers property. You can also create a new fill style layer and add it to the style using a method such as -[MGLStyle addLayer:].

Related examples

See the Select a feature within a layer example to learn how to use a TERNARY expression to modify the fillOpacity of an MGLFillStyleLayer object. See the Add a pattern to a polygon example to learn how to use an image to add pattern to the features styled by a MGLFillStyleLayer.

Example

let layer = MGLFillStyleLayer(identifier: "parks", source: parks)
layer.sourceLayerIdentifier = "parks"
layer.fillColor = NSExpression(forConstantValue: UIColor.green)
layer.predicate = NSPredicate(format: "type == %@", "national-park")
mapView.style?.addLayer(layer)

An MGLFillExtrusionStyleLayer is a style layer that renders one or more 3D extruded polygons on the map.

Use a fill-extrusion style layer to configure the visual appearance of polygon or multipolygon features. These features can come from vector tiles loaded by an MGLVectorTileSource object, or they can be MGLPolygon, MGLPolygonFeature, MGLMultiPolygon, or MGLMultiPolygonFeature instances in an MGLShapeSource or MGLComputedShapeSource object.

You can access an existing fill-extrusion style layer using the -[MGLStyle layerWithIdentifier:] method if you know its identifier; otherwise, find it using the MGLStyle.layers property. You can also create a new fill-extrusion style layer and add it to the style using a method such as -[MGLStyle addLayer:].

Related examples

See the Display 3D buildings example to learn how to add and style 3D layers on a map.

Example

let layer = MGLFillExtrusionStyleLayer(identifier: "buildings", source: buildings)
layer.sourceLayerIdentifier = "building"
layer.fillExtrusionHeight = NSExpression(forKeyPath: "height")
layer.fillExtrusionBase = NSExpression(forKeyPath: "min_height")
layer.predicate = NSPredicate(format: "extrude == 'true'")
mapView.style?.addLayer(layer)

An MGLHeatmapStyleLayer is a style layer that renders a heatmap.

A heatmap visualizes the spatial distribution of a large, dense set of point data, using color to avoid cluttering the map with individual points at low zoom levels. The points are weighted by an attribute you specify. Use a heatmap style layer in conjunction with point or point collection features. These features can come from vector tiles loaded by an MGLVectorTileSource object, or they can be MGLPointAnnotation, MGLPointFeature, MGLPointCollection, or MGLPointCollectionFeature instances in an MGLShapeSource or MGLComputedShapeSource object.

Consider accompanying a heatmap style layer with an MGLCircleStyleLayer or MGLSymbolStyleLayer at high zoom levels. If you are unsure whether the point data in an MGLShapeSource is dense enough to warrant a heatmap, you can alternatively cluster the source using the MGLShapeSourceOptionClustered option and render the data using an MGLCircleStyleLayer or MGLSymbolStyleLayer.

You can access an existing heatmap style layer using the -[MGLStyle layerWithIdentifier:] method if you know its identifier; otherwise, find it using the MGLStyle.layers property. You can also create a new heatmap style layer and add it to the style using a method such as -[MGLStyle addLayer:].

Related examples

See the Create a heatmap layer example to learn how to add this style layer to your map.

Example

let layer = MGLHeatmapStyleLayer(identifier: "earthquake-heat", source: earthquakes)
layer.heatmapWeight = NSExpression(format: "mgl_interpolate:withCurveType:parameters:stops:(magnitude, 'linear', nil, %@)",
                                   [0: 0,
                                    6: 1])
layer.heatmapIntensity = NSExpression(format: "mgl_interpolate:withCurveType:parameters:stops:($zoomLevel, 'linear', nil, %@)",
                                      [0: 1,
                                       9: 3])
mapView.style?.addLayer(layer)

An MGLHillshadeStyleLayer is a style layer that renders raster digital elevation model (DEM) tiles on the map.

Use a hillshade style layer to configure the color parameters of raster tiles loaded by an MGLRasterDEMSource object. For example, you could use a hillshade style layer to render Mapbox Terrain-RGB data.

To display posterized hillshading based on vector shapes, as with the Mapbox Terrain source, use an MGLVectorTileSource object in conjunction with several MGLFillStyleLayer objects.

You can access an existing hillshade style layer using the -[MGLStyle layerWithIdentifier:] method if you know its identifier; otherwise, find it using the MGLStyle.layers property. You can also create a new hillshade style layer and add it to the style using a method such as -[MGLStyle addLayer:].

Example

let layer = MGLHillshadeStyleLayer(identifier: "hills", source: source)
layer.hillshadeExaggeration = NSExpression(forConstantValue: 0.6)
if let canalShadowLayer = mapView.style?.layer(withIdentifier: "waterway-river-canal-shadow") {
    mapView.style?.insertLayer(layer, below: canalShadowLayer)
}

An MGLLineStyleLayer is a style layer that renders one or more stroked polylines on the map.

Use a line style layer to configure the visual appearance of polyline or multipolyline features. These features can come from vector tiles loaded by an MGLVectorTileSource object, or they can be MGLPolyline, MGLPolylineFeature, MGLMultiPolyline, or MGLMultiPolylineFeature instances in an MGLShapeSource or MGLComputedShapeSource object.

You can access an existing line style layer using the -[MGLStyle layerWithIdentifier:] method if you know its identifier; otherwise, find it using the MGLStyle.layers property. You can also create a new line style layer and add it to the style using a method such as -[MGLStyle addLayer:].

Related examples

See the Add multiple shapes from a single shape source example to learn how to add a line to your map using this style layer. See the Add a line style layer from GeoJSON example to learn how to add and style line data to an MGLMapView object at runtime.

Example

let layer = MGLLineStyleLayer(identifier: "trails-path", source: trails)
layer.sourceLayerIdentifier = "trails"
layer.lineWidth = NSExpression(format: "mgl_interpolate:withCurveType:parameters:stops:($zoomLevel, 'exponential', 1.5, %@)",
                               [14: 2,
                                18: 20])
layer.lineColor = NSExpression(forConstantValue: UIColor.brown)
layer.lineCap = NSExpression(forConstantValue: "round")
layer.predicate = NSPredicate(format: "%K == %@", "trail-type", "mountain-biking")
mapView.style?.addLayer(layer)

An MGLSymbolStyleLayer is a style layer that renders icon and text labels at points or along lines on the map.

Use a symbol style layer to configure the visual appearance of feature labels. These features can come from vector tiles loaded by an MGLVectorTileSource object, or they can be MGLShape or MGLFeature instances in an MGLShapeSource or MGLComputedShapeSource object.

You can access an existing symbol style layer using the -[MGLStyle layerWithIdentifier:] method if you know its identifier; otherwise, find it using the MGLStyle.layers property. You can also create a new symbol style layer and add it to the style using a method such as -[MGLStyle addLayer:].

Related examples

See the Dynamically style interactive points and Use images to cluster point data examples learn how to style data on your map using this layer.

Example

let layer = MGLSymbolStyleLayer(identifier: "coffeeshops", source: pois)
layer.sourceLayerIdentifier = "pois"
layer.iconImageName = NSExpression(forConstantValue: "coffee")
layer.iconScale = NSExpression(forConstantValue: 0.5)
layer.text = NSExpression(forKeyPath: "name")
layer.textTranslation = NSExpression(forConstantValue: NSValue(cgVector: CGVector(dx: 10, dy: 0)))
layer.textJustification = NSExpression(forConstantValue: "left")
layer.textAnchor = NSExpression(forConstantValue: "left")
layer.predicate = NSPredicate(format: "%K == %@", "venue-type", "coffee")
mapView.style?.addLayer(layer)